THE INFLUENCE OF SMALL, SEMI-SMALL AND POWERFUL GROWING ROOTSTOCKS ON THE AMOUNT OF MAIN ROOTS OF APPLE SEEDLINGS AND ITS FORMATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47390/ydif-y2026v2i16/n04Keywords:
columnar apple tree, nursery, variety, clonal rootstock, nursery, root system, main roots, M9, MM106, seedling quality, vegetative propagation.Abstract
This scientific article deeply and comprehensively analyzes the developmental characteristics of columnar apple variety seedlings (Vasyugan, Medok, President, Djin, Triumph, Ostankino, Senator, Valyuta) in the second field of the nursery, specifically investigating the impact of rootstocks with varying growth vigor (M9, MM106, MM111, and apple seedling) on the formation of their root systems. As a result of extensive field experiments and biometric measurements, it was determined that the dwarfing M9 and semi-dwarfing MM106 vegetative rootstocks demonstrate the highest indicators in the formation of high-quality, heavily branched seedlings (possessing 3 or more main roots), ensuring a standard seedling yield of up to 56.9 percent and 50.0 percent, respectively. Conversely, a sharp decrease in root branching was observed in the variants utilizing the vigorous MM111 rootstock and the genetically unstable apple seedling, scientifically proving that the proportion of low-quality seedlings (with 1 main root) on the seedling rootstock reaches up to 38.5 percent. Based on the research findings, the widespread use of M9 and MM106 clonal rootstocks, as well as the propagation of varieties such as President and Valyuta, which possess a strong genetic predisposition for root formation, is recommended for the production of planting material for intensive columnar apple orchards.
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